N-heterocyclic polyglycidyl compounds containing ester groups

ABSTRACT

N-heterocyclic polyglycidyl compounds are obtained if the polyesters obtained from 1 mol of a n-valent aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyol and n mols of 3-(2&#39;&#39;-carboxyethyl) or 3-(2&#39;&#39;methyl-2&#39;&#39;-carboxyethyl) compounds of a N,N-heterocyclic substance, for example hydantoin, are glycidylated in accordance with known processes. The new N-heterocyclic polyglycidyl compounds can be converted, with customary curing agents for epoxide resins, into mouldings and coatings having good mechanical and dielectric properties.

States Patent [191 Porret et a1.

[4 Oct. 22, 1974 [22] Filed:

[ N-HETEROCYCLIC POLYGLYCIDYL COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ESTER GROUPS [75] Inventors: Daniel Porret, Binningen; Friedrich Stockinger, Basel, both of Switzerland [73] Assignee: Ciba-Geigy Corporation, Ardsley,

Feb. 3, 1972 211 Appl. No.: 223,356

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Feb. 24, 1971 Switzerland 2657/71 [52] US. Cl. 260/309r5,-260/ 2 EP, 260/2 EA, 260/2 EC, 260/2 N, 260/13, 260/18 EP,

260/30.4 EP, 260/30.6 R, 2 60/3l.8 E,

260/37 EP, 260/78.4 EP, 260/256.4 C,

[51] Int. Cl C07d 49/32 [58] Field of Search 260/309.5

Primary Examiner Natalie Trousof 5 7] ABSTRACT N-heterocyclic polyglycidyl compounds are obtained if the polyesters obtained from 1 mol of a n-valent aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyol and n mols of 3-(2'- carboxyethyl) or 3-(2'-methyl-2-carboxyethyl) compounds of a N,N-heterocyclic substance, for example hydantoin, are glycidylated in accordance with known processes.

The new N-heterocyclic polyglycidyl compounds can be converted, with customary curing agents for epoxide resins, into mouldings and coatings having good mechanical and dielectric properties. I

10 Claims, No Drawings The subject of the present invention are new N- heterocyclic polyglycidyl compounds of the formula wherein X and R independently of one anothereach denote a hydrogen atom or the methyl group, Z represents a nitrogen-free divalent radical which is required to complete a five-membered or six-membered, unsubstituted or substituted hetero-cyclic ring, B denotes the radical obtained by removing the hydroxyl .groups of a n-valent aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, cycloaliphatid aliphatic, araliphatic or heterocyclic-alipha'tic polyol, preferably diol, and n denotes a number from 2 to 4, preferably 2.

The radical Z in the formula (1) preferably consists onlyof carbonand hydrogen or of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. It can be, for example, a radicalof the formulae wherein R, R, R' and R"" independently ofone another each can denote a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, alkenyl or cycloalkyl group or an optionally substituted phenyl group and wherein, inthe case that Z represen a divalent radical of the formula R and R together, with the inclusion of the C atom,- can also denote a cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon radical.

The new polyglycidyl compounds of the formula.(l) are as a rule resins which are vicous to solid at room temperature and which can be converted, either as such or mixed with reactive diluents, by means of customary curing agents for epoxide resins, such as dicarboxylic acid anhydrides or polyamines, into mouldings having good mechanical and electrical properties.

The new polyepoxides of the formula (I) are manu-- factured according to methods which are in themselves known. A preferred process for their manufacture is characterised in .that, in a compound of the formula wherein R, Z, B and n have the same meaning as in the formula (I) and the radical Y is a radical which can be converted into the 1,2-epoxyethyl or l-methyl-l ,2- epoxyethyl group, this radical is converted into a 1,2- epoxyethyl or l-methyl-l,2-epoxyethyl group.

A radical Y which can be converted into the 1,2- epoxyethyl or l-methyl-l,2-epoxyethyl group is above all a hydroxyhalogenoethyl group which carries the functional groups on different carbon atoms, especially a 2-halogeno-l-hydroxyethyl group or a 2-halogeno-lhydroxy-l-methylethyl group. Halogen atoms are here especially chlorine atoms or bromine atoms. The reaction takes place in the usual manner, above all in the presence of agents which split off hydrogen halide, such as strong alkalis, for example anhydrous sodium hydroxide or aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. It is, however, also possible to use other strongly alkaline reagents, such as potassium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate.

Afurther radical Y which can be converted into the l,2-epoxyethyl group is, for example, the ethenyl group, which can be converted into the 1,2-epoxyethyl group in a knownmanner, such as, above all, by reactionwith hydrogen peroxide or per-acids, for example peracetic acid, perbenzoic acid or monoperphthalic acid.

The starting substances of the formula (II) are obtained in a manner which is in itself known. Thus it is possible, for example, to react a diester, triester or tetraester of the formula (III) thylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline and triethanolamine;

quaternary ammonium bases,, such as benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide; quaternary ammonium salts, such as tetramethylammonium chloride, tetraethylammonium chloride, benzyltrimethylammonium chloride, benzyltrimethylammonium acetate and methyltriethylammonium chloride; hydrazines possessing a tertiary nitrogen atom, such as l,l-dimethylhydrazine, which can also be employed in a quaternised from; alkali halides, such as lithium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium chloride, bromide or fluoride, and also ion exchange resins with tertiary or quaternary amino groups, as well as ion exchangers with acid amide groups. Basic impurities which may occur in technical commercially available forms of the startingcompounds can also act as catalysts. In such cases it is not necessary to add a special catalyst.

The intermediate products of the formula (ll) and the end products of the formula (III) are appropriately manufactured in a two-stage process without isolating the intermediate products (II).

A preferred embodiment of the process is, for example, to react an epihalogenohydrin or B-methylepihalogenohydrin, preferably epichlorohydrin or B-methylepichlorohydrin, in the presence of a catalyst, such as, preferably, a tertiary amine, a quaternary ammonium base or a quaternary ammonium salt, with a polyester of the formula (III) and, in a secondstage, to treat the resulting product, containing halogenohydrin groups, with agents which split off hydrogen halide. In these reactions, the procedure described above is followed, and the compounds mentioned above can be used as catalysts for the addition of epihalogenohydrin or B-methylepihalogenohydrin or for the dehydrohalogenation. Particularly good yields are obtained if an excess of epichlorohydrin or B-methylepichlorohydrin is used. During the first reaction, before the addition of alkali, a partial epoxidation or dichlorohydrin or of the dichloro-B-methylhydrin of the diester, triester or tetraester (lll) already occurs. The epichlorohydrin or the B-methylepichlorohydrin, which act as hydrogen chloride acceptors, have in that case been partially converted into glycerine dichlorohydrin or into B-methylglycerine dichlorohydrin.

The polyesters of the formula (III) can be manufactured according to known methods, by reacting n mols of a monocarboxylic acid of the formula wherein R and Z have the same meaning as in the formula (l), with 1 mol of a polyalcohol of the formula hexane, l,4-butendiol; polyester glycols, such as diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols of average molecular weight 250 to 2,500, polybutylene glycols and polyhexanediols; hydroxypolyesters, such as hydroxypivalic acid neopentylglycol diester.

As dialcohols of the cycloaliphatic series there may be mentioned: l,l-, 1,2-, 1,3- and l,4-bis(hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane and the corresponding unsaturated cyclohexene derivatives, such as, for example, 1,-

l-bis(hydroxymethyl)-cyclohexene-3 and l, l bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-methylene -cyclohexene-3; hydrogenated diphenols, such as cisquinitol,transquinitol, resorcitol, 1,2-dihydroxycyclohexane, bis-(4-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-methane, 2,- 2-bis-(4'-hydroxyclyclohexyl )-propane; tricyclo- (5,2,l,O ')-decane-3,9- or -4,8-diol and adducts of glycols to diallylidene-pentaerythritol, for example 3,9- bis-(hydroxyethoxyethyl)-spirobi-(metadioxane).

Possible dialcohols of the heterocyclic-aliphatic series are especially the addition products of at least 2 mols of an alkylene oxide, such as ethylene oxide, propene oxide, 1,2-butene oxide or styrene oxide, to 1 mol of a mononuclear or polynuclear N-heterocyclic compound possessing two ring NH groups, such as, above all, hydantoin and its derivatives, dihydrouracil and its derivatives, barbituric acid and its derivatives bishydantoins and bis-dihydrouracils. The following may be mentioned: l,3-di-(B-hydroxyethyU-5 ,5- dimethylhydantoin, l,3-di-(B-hydroxyethyl)-5-phenyl- S-ethylbarbituric acid, l,3-di-(B-hydroxy-n-propyl)- 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, l,3-di-(B-hydroxy-n-propyl)- 5 ,S-diethylbarbituric acid, l,3-di-( B- hydroxyethoxyethoxyethyl)-5,5dimethylhydantoin, l,- 3-di-(,B-hydroxy-n-propyl)-5-isopropylhydantoin, l,3- di-(B-hydroxy-n-propyl )-5 ,S-diethylhydantoin, l,3-di- (B-hydroxy-n-propyl)-5-ethyl-5-methylhydantoin, l,3- di(,B-hydroxyethyl)-5,5-dimethyl-6-isopropyl-5,6-

dihydrouracil, l,3-di-(B-hydroxy-n-propyl)-5 ,5- dimethyl-6-isopropyl-5,6-dihydrouracil, l,3-di-( 2'- hydroxy-n-butyl )-5 ,S-dimethylhydantoin, l,3-di-(B- hydroxy-B-phenylethyU-S,S-dimethyl-hydantoin, l,3- di-(B-hydroxy-B-phenylethyl )-6-methyluracil, l,3- di(B-hydroxy-B-phenylethyl)-5,5-dimethyl-6-isopropyl-5,6-dihydrouracil, l,3-di-(B-hydroxy-B- phenylethoxy-B-phenylethoxy-B-phenylethyl )-5 ,5- dimethylhydantoin, l,3-di-(,B-hydroxy-B-phenylethyl)- S-isopropylhydantoin, l,3-di-( ,B-hydroxy-B- phenylethyl)-5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid, l,l methylene-bis-(3-B-hydroxyethyl-5,5 -dimethylhydantoin l ,l -methylene-bis( B-B-hydroxyethyoxyethoxyethyl-S,S-dimethylhydantoin), l,l -methylenebis-(S-B-hydroxy-n-propyl-S,S-dimethylhydantoin),

l l '-methylene -bis-( S-B-hydroxyethyl-S ,S-dimethyl- 5,6-dihydrouracil), l,4-bis-( 1'-hydroxyethyl-5,5'- dimethylhydantoin-B')-butane, l,6-bis-( 1'5- hydroxyethyl-5" ,5 "-dimethylhydantoinyl-3 )-hexane, 1,6-bis-(l'-B'-hydroxy-n-propyl-5,5 dimethylhydantoinyl-3 )-hexane, 1,1 '-methylene-bis- (3-B-hydroxypropyl-5-isopropylhydantoin), 1,1 methylene-bis-( 3 B-hydroxy-n-propyl- 5,5-dimethyl-5,o-dihydrouracil), l,l '-methylene-bis- (3-[2-hydroxy-n-butyl]-5,S-dimethylhydantoin), 1,6- bis-( 1 '-[2-hydroxy-n-butyl]-5,5 '-dimethylhydantoinyl-3)-hexane,

G2s,B'-bisl-[2"hydroxy-n-butyl1-5,5-dimethylhydantoinyl-3 di-ethyl-ether and 1,1 '-methyl-bis-( 3-[ ,B-hydroxy-B- phenylethyl )-5 ,S-dimethylhydantoin.

Examples of possible triols or tetrols of the formula B(OH),, are: glycerine, butane-1,2,4-triol, hexanel,2,6-triol, 2,4-dihydroxy-3-hydroxymethylpentane, l,1,l-trihydroxymethylethane, 1,1 ,l-trihydroxymethylpropane, pentaerythritol, erythritol and the addition products of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide to one of the above polyols.

The monocarboxylic acids of the general formula (IV) are obtained in a known manner by adding 1 mol, of acrylonitrile to 1 mol of a mononuclear N- heterocyclic compound of the general formula wherein Z has the same meaning as in the formula (I), and hydrolysing the mono-(B-cyanoethyl) derivatives, obtained by cyanoethylation, to give the monocarboxylic acid; this takes place easily and with good yield. The monocarboxylic acids of the formula (IV) are normally solids which can be purified by recrystallisation.

The mononuclear N-heterocyclic compounds of the formula (V) used for the manufacture of the monocarboxylic acids of the formula (IV) are above all hydantoin, hydantoin derivatives, barbituric acid, barbituric acid derivatives, uracil, uracil derivaties, dihydrouracil and dihydrouracil derivatives, and also parabanic acid.

Hydantoin and its preferred derivatives correspond to the general formula R: (VII) wherein R, and R each denote a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl radical with one to four carbon atoms, or

wherein R, and R together form a tetramethylene or pentamethylene radical. Hydantoin, 5- methylhydantoin, 5-methyl-S-ethylhydantoin, 5-npropylhydantoin, S-isopropyl-hydantoin, l,3-diazaspiro-( 4.5 )-decane-2,4dione, l,3-diaza-spiro-( 4.4)- nonane-2,4-dione and preferably 5,5-dimethylhydantoin may be mentioned.

Barbituric acid and its preferred derivatives correspond to the general formula (VIII) wherein R and R both denote hydrogen or one of the two radicals denotes a hydrogen atom and the other radical denotes a methyl group.

Uracils of the formula (IX) are uracil itself and also 6-methyl-uracil and thymin (=5-methyl-uracil).

Dihydrouracil (=2,4-dioxo-hexahydropyrimidine) and its preferred derivatives correspond to the general formula:

wherein R and R both denote a hydrogen atom or identical or different alkyl radicals, preferably alkyl radicals with one to four carbon atoms, and R and R independently of one another each denote a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical.

Preferably, in the above formula, the two radicals R and R denote methyl groups, R denotes a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl radical with one to four carbon atoms and R denotes a hydrogen atom. The following may be mentioned: 5,6-dihydrouracil, 5,5-dimethyl- 5,6-dihydrouracil (2,4-dioxo-5,S-dimethylhexahydropyrimidine) and 5,5 -dimethyl-6-isopropyl-5,6-

7 dihydrouracil (2,4-dioxo-;5-dimethyl-o-isopropylhexahydropyrimidine).

The new polyglycidyl compounds according to the invention, of the formula (I), react with the customary curing agents for polyepoxide compounds and can therefore be crosslinked or cured by addition of such curing agents, analogously to other polyfunctional epoxide compounds or epoxide resins. Possible curing agents of this nature are basic or acid compounds.

As examples of suitable curing agents there may be mentioned: amines or amides, such as aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic, primary, secondary and tertiary amines, for example monoethanolamine, ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, trimethylhexamethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, N,N-dimethylpropylenediaminel ,3, N,N-diethylpropylenediamine- 1,3, bis-(4-amino-3-methyl-cyclohexyl)-methane, 3,5,- 5-trimethyl-3-( aminomethyl -cyclohexylamine (isophoronediamine), Mannich bases, such as 2,4,6- tris-(dimethylaminomethyl)-phenol, mphenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine, bis-(4- aminophenyl)-methane, bis-(4-aminophenyl)-sulphone and mxylylenediamine; N-(2-aminoethyl)-piperazine; adducts of acrylonitrile or monoepoxides, such as ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, to polyalkylenepolyamines, such as diethylenetriamine or triethylenetetramine; adducts of polyamines, such as diethylenetriamine or triethylenetetramine in excess, and polyepoxides, such as diomethanepolyglycidyl-ethers; ketimines, for example from acetone or methyl ethyl ketone and bis(p-amino-phenyl)-methane; adducts of monophenols or polyphenols and polyamines, polyamides, especially those from aliphatic polyamines, such as diethyle netriamine or triethylenetetramine, and dimerised or trimerised unsaturated fatty acids, such as dimerised linseed oil fatty acid (VERSAMID); polymeric polysulphides (THIOKOL); dicyandiamide, aniline-formaldehyde resins, polyhydric phenols, for example resorcinol, 2,2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- propane or phenol-formaldehyde resins; boron trifluoride and its complexes with organic compounds, such as BF -ether complexes and BF -amine complexes, for example BF -monoethylamine complex;. acetoacetani- Iide-BF complex; phosphoric acid; triphenylphosphite; polybasic carboxylic acids and their anhydrides, for example phthalic anhydride, A -tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, 4-methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, 3,6-endomethylene-N-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methyl-3,o-endornethylene- Atetrahydrophthalic anhydride methylnadic anhydride), 3,4,5,6,7,7-hexachloro-3,6-endomethylene-N- tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, succinic anhydride, adipic anhydride, azelaic anhydride, sebacic anhydride, maleic anhydride, dodecenyl-succinic anhydride; pyromellitic dianhydride or mixtures of such anhydrides.

Curing accelerators can furthermore be employed in the curing reaction; when using polyamides, dicyandiamide, polymeric polysulphides or polycarboxylic acid anhydrides as curing agents, suitable accelerators are, for example, tertiary amines, their salts or quaternary ammonium compounds, for example 2,4,6-tris- (dimethylaminomethyl)-phenol, benzyldimethylamine, 2-ethyl-4-methyl-imidazole, 4-amino-pyridine and triamylammonium phenolate, and also alkali metal alcoholates, such as, for example, sodium hexanetriolate. in this amine curing reaction, monophenols or polyphenols, such as phenol and diomethane, salicylic acid or thiocyanates, can for example be employed as accelerators.

The term curing as used here denotes the conversion of the abovementioned diepoxides into insoluble and infusible, crosslinked products, and in particular, as a rule, with simultaneous shaping to give mouldings, such as castings, pressings or laminates and the like, or to give sheet-like structures, such as coatings, coverings, lacquer films or adhesive bonds.

Depending on the choice of the curing agent, the cur ing reaction can be carried out at room temperature, (l825 C) or at elevated temperature (for example, 50-l C).

The curing can, if desired, also be carried out in 2 stages, by first prematurely stopping the curing reaction or carrying out the first stage at only moderately elevated temperature, whereby a still fusible and soluble, curable precondensate (a so-called B-stage) is obtained from the epoxide component and the curing agent component. Such a precondensate can, for example, be used for the manufacture of Prepregs, compression moulding compositions or sintering powders.

The new polyglycidyl compounds can also be used as mixtures with other curable diepoxide or polyepoxide compounds. As examples of such, there may be mentioned: polyglycidyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols, such as 1,4-butanediol, A -cyclohexenedimethanol, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, l,3-di-(2'- hydroxy-n-propyl)-5,S-dimethylhydantoin or 2,2-bis- (4-hydroxycyclohexyl)-propane; polyglycidyl ethers of polyhydric phenols, such as 2,2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane (=diomethane), 2,2-bis-(4'-hydroxy- 3,5'-dibromophenyl)-propane, bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-sulphone, 1,1,2,2-tetrakis-(4-hydroxyphenyl ethane or condensation products, manufactured in an acid medium, of formaldehyde with phenols, such as phenol-novolacs or cresol-novolacs; polyglycidyl esters of polycarboxylic acids, such as, for example, phthalic acid diglycidyl ester, isophthalic acid diglycidyl ester, tetrahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester or hexahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester; triglycidylisocyanurate, N,N-diglycidyl-5,S-dimethylhydantoin, l-glycidyl-3- (2'-glycidyloxy-n-propyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, aminopolyepoxides such are obtained by dehydrohalogenation of the reaction products of epihalogenohydrin and primary or secondary amines, such as aniline or 4,4-diaminodiphenylmethane, and also alicyclic compounds containing several epoxide groups, such as vinylcyclohexene diepoxide, dicyclopentadiene diepoxide, ethylene glycol-bis-(3,4- epoxytetrahydrodicyclopentadien-8-yl )-ether, (3 ,4- epoxycyclohexylmethyl )-3 ,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, (3,4-epoxy-6'-methylcyclohexylmethyl)- 3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexanecarboxylate, bis-(2,3- epoxycyclopentyl)-ether or 3-(3',4-epoxycyclohexyl)- 2,4-dioxa-spiro-(5,5)-9,l0-epoxyundecane. If desired, known reactive diluents, such as, for example, styrene oxide, butyl glycidyl ether, diglycidylformal, isooctyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, cresyl glycidyl ether, and glycidyl esters of synthetic, highly branched, mainly tertiary aliphatic monocarboxylic acids (CAR- DURA E) can also be used conjointly.

A further subject of the present invention are therefore curable mixtures which are suitable for the manufacture of mouldings, including sheet-like structures,

and which contain the polyglycidyl compounds according to the invention, of the formula (I), optionally together with other dior polyepoxide compounds and also curing agents for epoxide resins, such as polyamines or polycarboxylic acid anhydrides.

The polyepoxides according to the invention or their mixtures with other polyepoxide compounds and/or curing agents can furthermore be mixed, in any stage before curing, with customary modifiers, such as extenders, fillers and reinforcing agents, pigments, dyestuffs, organic solvents, plasticisers, flow control agents, agents for conferring thixotropy, flameproofing substances and mould release agents.

As extenders, reinforcing agents, fillersand pigments which can be employed in the curable mixtures according to the invention there may, for example, be mentioned: coal tar, bitumen, textile fibres, glass fibres, asbestos fibres, boron fibres, carbon fibres, cellulose, polyethylene powder and polypropylene powder; quartz powder; mineral silicates, such as mica, asbestos powder and slate powder; kaolin, aluminum oxide trihydrate, chalk powder, gypsum, antimony trioxide, bentones, silica aerogel (AEROSIL"), lithopone; baryte, titanium dioxide, carbon black, graphite, oxide pigments, such as iron oxide, or metal powders, such as aluminum powder or iron powder.

Suitable organic solvents for modifying the curable mixtures are, for example, toluene, xylene, n-propanol, butyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diacetonealcohol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, monoethyl ether and monobutyl ether.

As plasticisers for modifying the curable mixtures,

. dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate and dinonyl phthalate, tricresyl phosphate, trixylenyl phosphate and also polypropylene glycol can, for example, be employed.

As flow control agents when employing the curable mixtures, especially in surface protection, silicones, cellulose acetobutyrate, polyvinylbutyral, waxes, stearates and the like (which in part are also used as mould release agents) may, for example, be added.

Particularly for use in the lacquer field, the diepoxide compounds can furthermore be partially esterified in a known manner with carboxylic acids such as, in particular, higher unsaturated fatty acids. It is furthermore possible to add other curable synthetic resin, for example phenoplasts or aminoplasts, to such lacquer resin formulations.

The curable mixtures according to the invention can be manufactured in the usual manner, with the aid of known mixing equipment (stirrers, kneaders, rolls and the like).

The curable epoxide resin mixtures according 'to the invention are above all employed in the fields of surface protection, the electrical industry, laminating processes and the building industry. They can be used in a formulation suited in each case to the special end use, in the unfilled or filled state, optionally in the form of solutions or emulsions, as paints, lacquers, compression moulding compositions, sintering powders, dipping res ins, casting resins, injection moulding formulations, im-

pregnating resins and binders, adhesives, tool resins,

laminating resins, sealing and filling compositions, floor the following structure:

covering compositions and binders for mineral aggregates.

In the examples which follow, unless otherwise stated, parts denote parts by weight and percentages denote percentages by weight. The relationship of parts by volume to parts by weight is as of the millilitre to the gram.

In order to determine the mechanical and electrical properties of the curable mixtures described in the examples which follow, sheets of size 92 X 41 X 12 mm were manufactured for determining the flexural strength, deflection, impact strength and water absorp tion. The test specimens, X 10 X 4 mm) for determining the water absorption and for the flexural test and impact test (VSM 77,103 and VSM 77,105 respectively) were machined from the sheets.

For determining the heat distortion point according to Martens (DlN 53,458), test specimens of size X 15 X 10 mm were cast in each case.

To test the arcing resistance and tracking resistance (VDE 0303), sheets of size 120 X 120 X 4 mm were cast.

A. Manufacture of the Diesters Example A: Diester from 1 mol of l,4 butanediol and 2 mols of 3-(2'-carboxyethyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin.

A mixture of 200.2g of 3-(2-carboxyethyl) 5,5 dimethylhydantoin (1.0 45 g of 1,4-butanediol (0.5 mol), 3 g of p-toluenesulphonic acid and 400 ml of chloroform is subjected to an azeotropic circulatory distillation at a bath temperature of l34 C. At 62 C internal temperature, the mixture begins to boil and the distillation starts. After 3 hours, a further 1.0 g of p-toluenesulphonic acid is added. After 20 hours, 12.8 ml of water have been separated off, and l g of p-toluenesulphonic acid is again added. The reaction temperature rises to 67 C. After a further 24 hours, the elimination of water, and hence the reaction, are com- ,plete; 18 ml (corresponding to 100 percent of theory) are obtained.

The reaction product is cooled to room temperature and extracted by shaking with ml of 5 percent strength sodium bicarbonate solution and subsequently twice more with 50 ml of water at a time.

The organic phase is separated off and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulphate. After filtration, the solution is concentrated to dryness on a rotary evaporator at 40 to 50 C and under a slight waterpump vacuum. Thereafter, the last easily volatile constituents are removed by treating the reaction product under 0.2 mm Hg at 90 C until it reaches constant weight.

216.5 g (corresponding to 95.2 percent of theory) of a clear, viscous yellow resin are obtained, wherein the content of free carboxyl groups (originating from unre- 52.8 a c 52.85%C

Found: Calculated:

Accordingly, the new bis-hydantoin compound has Example B: Diester of 1 mol of l,6-hexanediol and 2 molsof 3-(2'-carboxyethyl)-5,S-dimethylhydantoin 300.3 g of 3-(2-carboxyethyl)-5,5- dimethylhydantoin (l'.5 mols) and 88.7 g of 1.6- hexanediol in 400 ml of toluene, and in the pressure of 6 g of p-toluenesulphonic acid as the catalyst, are reacted analogously to Example A. The bath temperature for the reaction is l60 C. The reaction temperature rises from 102 to 113 C. The reaction is complete in ically (27 ml) is separated off. The reaction mixture is worked up analogously to Example A and 332.3 g (91.8 percent of theory) of a light yellow melt, which gradually crystallises throughout, are obtained. The

crude product thus obtained melts at l ll 16 C. The 15 content of carboxyl groups is less than 0.04 equivalent/kg.

Elementary analysis shows the following:

\% .'l O E l; I

Found: 54.9710 7.1% 1 H.3 7: Calculated: 54.8%C 7.1%H 11.6%N

The new substance obtained accordingly corre- Example D: Diester of 1 mol of hydrogenated bisphey no] A and 2 mols of 3-( 2 -carboxyethyl )'5 ,5- dimethylhydantoin.

0.6 mol of 3-( 2 '-carboxyethyl ,5-

5 dimethylhydantoin 120.1 g) are reacted with 0.3 mol I analogously to Example A. l0 hours. The amount of water to be extracted theoret- The reaction is complete in 16 hours at 168 170 C bath temperature (internal temperature 1 10 1 13 C); 9.0 ml of water have been separated off.

Working up takes place as explained in more detail in Example A. 158 g (87.2 percent of theory) ofa crystalline, yellowish powder are obtained which contains less than 0.03] free carboxyl equivalent/kg. lt melts between 170 and 190 C. The product obtained agrees with the following structure:

0 cm c113 l Example E: Diester of 1 mol of polyethylene glycol (200 and 2 mols of 3-(2'-carboxyethyl)-5,5- dimethylhydantoin.

sponds to the following structure: Following Example A, 200.2 g of 3-(2- Hid 6H T O H;O OH;

H111 r r-om-oHrl rmwran-o-d-omwro-tb 19H o 0 ll ll Example C: Diester from 1 mol of 1,l2-dodecanediol and 2 mols of 3-( 2'-carboxyethyl -5,5- dimethylhydantoin.

A mixture of 200.2 g of 3-(2'-carboxyethyl)-5,5- 40 carboxyethyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (1.0 mol) are esterified with g of polyethylene glycol 200 (0.5 mol) in 500 ml of chloroform, with the addition of 5 g of p-toluenesulphonic acid. At a bath temperature of C (reaction temperature 65 C) the reaction is complete in 48 hours; 16 ml of water are separated off (theory 18 ml). Working up takes place analogously to Example A.

243 g (86 percent of theory) of a clear, light brown, viscous resin are obtained, wherein the content of free acid equivalents is less than 0.042 equivalent/kg. The product obtained accords with the following structure:

percent of theory) of the desired clear, viscous diester, containing less than 0017 free carboxyl equivalent/kg, are obtained.

The proton-magnetic resonance spectrum, and also the microanalysis shown below, are in agreement with the structure given below:

Found: 59.5% C 8.2% H 22.6% 0 9.7% N Calculated 59.47: C 8 2% H 22.6% 0 9.9% N

. l 0 (I? h HN Example F: Diester of 1 mol of polypropylene glycol 425 and 2 mols of 3-(2-carboxyethyl)-5,5- dimethylhydantoin.

Analogously to Example A, 800.8 g of 3-(2- carboxyethyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (4.0 mols) are esterified with 850 g of polypropylene glycol 425 (2.0 mols) in 2,000 ml of chloroform, with the addition of 12 g of p-toluenesulphonic acid. The esterification re- 0 use on;

quires 96 hours at 130 C bath temperature (reaction (0.4 mol) are esterified with 18.0 g of 1,4-butanediol temperature 6667 C); during this time, 69.3 ml of (0.2 mol) in 200 ml of chloroform, with the addition of water are distilled off (96.3 percent of theory). 3 g of p-toluenesulphonic acid, in accordance with Ex- Working up takes place analogously to Example A. ample A. At a bath temperature of 110C (reaction 1,518.7 g of aviscous light brown resin (95 percent of temperature 65C) the reaction is complete after 23 theory) are obtained, wherein the content of free acid hours; 6.7 ml of water are separated off (theory: 7.2

equivalents is less than 0.037 equivalents/kg. U-

Example G: Triester of 1 mol of l,l,l- After working up according to Example A, 85.9 g trimethylolpropane and 3 mols of 3-(2-carboxyethyl)- (89.0 percent of theory) of a light brown, viscous resin 5,5-dimethylhydantoin are obtained, wherein the content of free acid equiva- 120.1 g of 3-(2'-carboxyethyl)-5,5- lents is less than 0.08 equivalent/kg. The results of the dimethylhydantoin (0.6 mol) are esterified with 26.8 g mioroanalysis given below with the structure shown beof 1,1 ,l-trimethylolpropane (0.2 mol) in 200 ml of low. chloroform, with the addition of 2.0 g of p-toluenesulphonic acid, in accordance with Example A. After 23 hours at a bath temperataure of 120 C (reaction temperature 67 C) the reaction is complete. 10 ml of water theor 10.8 ml are se ar Fmmd: C H N Y p ated off Calculated: 54.76% C 7.10% H 11.61% N After workmg up accordlng to Example A, 101 g of H CH3 0 o H30 CH3 \l I ll 1 '1 1 1 l 1 HN\ /N-CH2CHC-0(CH2)4-OCOHCH2-N\ N-H a brown, clear resin are obtained. The product essen- MANUFACTURING EXAMPLES tially accords with the following structure: Example 1 l 0 CH3 CH3 30 90.9 g of the new diester from 1 mol of 1,4- butanediol and 2 mols of 3-(2'-carboxyethyl)-5,5- dimethylhydantoin, manufactured according to Exam- CH3 :-C ple A, are heated with 555 g of epichlorohydrin and 0.5 g of tetraethylammonium chloride to 1 17 1 19 C (re- 3 flux temperature) for 120 minutes, whilst stirring. A M" sample withdrawn from the batch and freed of epichlorohydrin, dichlorohydrin and the like, shows an expox- Example H1 Diester 9f 1 m9] of lbhexanediol and 2 ide content of 1.39 equivalents/kg. An azeotropic cirmols 9f 9 y y culatory distillation is then set up by applying a vacuum ethylhydamoi" 0 at 150 l60 C bath temperature, in such a way that Ahalogously to Example A, 1071 g of 4 a temperature of the reaction mixture of 58 61 C rey y y y y h mol) sults. 35.2 g of 50 percent strength sodium hydroxide are esterified with g of lb-hexaneqlol (025 mol) solution are then added dropwise over the course of in 200 ml of chloroform with [he addlhoh of 3 g of 180 minutes with vigorous stirring, and the water which Ptoluehesulphohic acid The reactionls Complete after separates continuously is removed. Thereafter, distilla- 16 hours at C hath Temperature (Internal tempera tion is continued for a further 30 minutes under the inture workmg P takes Place analogously dicated conditions in order to complete the reaction. to Example The mixture is then cooled to room temperature, the

117-6 E P of theory) of a brown Clear sodium chloride produced in the reaction is removed viscous resin are obtained, wherein the content of free b filt tion d th i t r is extracted by shaking acid 6quimlims is 9 than equivfilem/kgwith 100 ml of water in order to remove the last traces Elementary ahalysls Shows the followmgi of sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide. The organic phase is separated off and concentrated to dryness on a rotary evaporator at C under a waterpump vac- F d: 56.17 c 7.7% H 10.6 7.11 cz l c ulfllcdi 56.457: c 7. H 10.97%v N 55 uum, and the residue 15 treated at C under 0.2 mm

Hg until it reaches constant weight.

The product obtained accords with the following 92 g (81.2 percent of theory) of a clear, yellowish, structure: viscous epoxide resin of epoxide content 3.35 equivaom-mc o (I) CII2CH3 Example .1: Diester of 1 mol of 1,4-butanedio1 and 2 lent/kg (corresponding to 95 percent of theory) are obmols of 3-(2'-methyl-2'-carboxyethyl)-5,5- tained. The total chlorine content is 0.7 percent. The

dimethylhydantoin new epoxide resin corresponds to the following struc- 85.6 g of 3-(2-carboxyethyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin ture:

Example 2 Analogously to Example 1, a mixture of 241.2 g (0.5 mol) of a diester manufactured according to Example B from l mol of 1,6-hexanediol and 2 mols of 3-(2'- carboxyethyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, 925 g of epichlorohydrin (l mols) and 2.0 g of tetramethylammonium chloride are stirred for 120 minutes at 114C to l 19C. The dehydrohalogenation is then carried out analogously to Example 1 with 88.0 g of 50 percent strength sodium hydroxide solution at 60 C over the course of 140 minutes, and the mixture is subsequently distilled for a further 30 minutes. The working up and purification of the resin are carried out as described in Example 1.

276.4 g of a clear, highly viscous brownish resin of Trio mi.

epoxide content 3.21 equivalents/kg (95.4 percent) are obtained. The total chlorine content is 0.8 percent. The new epoxide resin corresponds to the following structure:

genated bisphenol A and 2 mols of 3-(2carboxyethyl)- 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, 555 g of epichlorohydrin and 0.5 g of tetramethylammonium chloride is reacted analogously to Example 1. The dehydrohalogenation is carried out analogously to Example 1, with 35.2 g of 50 percent strength aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (0.44 mol). Working up according to Example 1 yields 123.4 g of a clear, reddish-brown, highly viscous epoxide resin (86.1 percent of theory), the epoxide content of which is 2.72 equivalents/kg (97.5 percent of theory). The new epoxide resin essentially corresponds to the following structure:

A 0 cm cm Example 5 112.9 g (0.2 mol) of the diester manufactured from 1 mol of polyethylene glycol (200) and 2 mols of 3-(2'- carboxyethyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin according to Ex- 2.88 equivalents/kg (97.6 percent'of theory). The total chlorine content is 0.75 percent. The new epoxide resin corresponds to the following structure:

ample E, 555 g of epichlorohydrin and 0.5 g of tetramethylammonium chloride were reacted analogously to Example 1. The dehydrohalogenation is carried out in the same manner, with 35.2 g of percent strength aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (0.44 mol). Equally, the product is worked up analogously to Example 1.

113.1 g (97.1 percent of theory) of a light brown, viscous epoxide resin are obtained, wherein the epoxide content is 2.96 equivalents/kg (corresponding to percent of theory). The product obtained accords with the following structure:

G-CCH: O

790 g (1.0 mol) of the diester from 3-(2'- carboxyethyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin and polypropyl- "o' ""fiio oiil ene glycol 425 manufactured according to Example F are reacted with 2,770 g of epichlorohydrin (30 mols) and 3 g of tetraethylammonium chloride analogously to Example 1. The dehydrohalogenation is also carried out analogously to Example 1, with 176 g of 50 percent strength aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (2.2 mols). The mixture is worked up according to Example 1 and an epoxide resin of low viscosity is obtained in 96 percent yield (868 g). The epoxide content is equivalent/kg; epoxide equivalent/kg; the total chlorine content is 0.5 percent. The viscosity at 25 C is 1,900 cP (according to Hoppler). The colour number of the new diglycidyl compound is 8 (according to Gardner- Holdt).

H O CH Example 7 88.4 g (0.13 mol) ofthe triester from 1 mol of 1,1,1- trimethylolpropane and 3 mols of 3-(2'-carboxyethy1)- 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, manufactured according to Example G, 361 g (3.9 mols) of epichlorohydrin and 0.5 g of tetramethylammonium chloride were reacted analogously to Example 1. Dehydrohalogenation was carried out analogously with 34.3 g of 50 percent strength aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (0.429 mol). working up took place analogously to Example 1.

71 g of a yellow, highly viscous resin are obtained, wherein the epoxide content is 2.81 equivalents/kg (80.5 percent of theory). The total chlorine content is 0.9 percent. The new epoxide resin essentially corresponds to the following structure:

Example 8 76.5 g (0.15 mol) of the diester manufactured from 50 according to Example J, 208 g of epichlorohydrin and 0.5 g of tetramethylammonium chloride are reacted analogously to Example 1. The dehydrohalogenation is carried out as described in Example 1, with 26.4 g of 50 percent strength sodium hydroxide solution (0.33

0 mol). Working up according to Example 1 yields 85.2

g of a brown, viscous epoxide resin (95.5 percent of theory), wherein the epoxide content is 3.35 equivalents/kg (99.7 percent oftheory). The new epoxide essentially corresponds to the following structure:

C. USE EXAMPLES Example I 100 g of the diepoxide with 3.35 epoxide equivalents/kg manufactured according to Example 1 are mixed with 49 g of hexahydrophthalic anhydride and converted into a clear, homogeneous melt at 80 C. This melt is poured into aluminium moulds prewarmed to 120 C and is cured in 2 hours at 120 C and 20 hours at 150 C. The mouldings thus obtained show the following mechanical properties:

Flexural strength (VSM 77,103) 10-13 kp/mm Deflection (VSM 77,103) 7-8.5 mm lmpuct strength (VSM 77,105) 610 cmkp/cm Heat distortion point according to Martens (DIN 53,458) 61C Water absorption (4 days/C) 0.65%

Example 11 Analogously to Example 1, 100 g of the new diepoxide, containing 3.21 epoxide equivalents/kg, manufactured according to Example 2 are mixed with 47 g of hexahydrophthalic anhydride and cured to give mouldings having the following properties:

Flexural strength (VSM 77.103) 11.73 kp/mm Deflection (VSM 77,103) 15.5 mm

Impact strength (VSM 77.105) 7.6-10.0 cmkp/cm Heat distortion point according to Martens (DIN 53,458) 61C Water absorption (4 days/20C) 0.62%

Example 111 Analogously to Example 1, 100 g of the diepoxide containing 2.88 epoxide equivalents/kg. manufactured according to Example 3, are mixed with 37.7 g of hexa- Example Vlll 100 g of the epoxide resin with 2.88 epoxide equivalents/kg manufactured according to Example 3 are well mixed with 4.4 g of hexahydrophthalic anhydride and hydrophthalic anhydride, and this mixture is converted, 1 g of the curing accelerator benzyldimethylamine at by curing for 2 hours at 120 C and 16 hours at 150 80C and the mixture is poured into an aluminium into mouldings ng t following pr p rti s: mould prewarmed to 80 C. The epoxide resin mixture O O Flexural strength (VSM 77,103) 8.41 kp/mm (no fracture ls Cured 4 hours at 80 and 12 hqurs at 140 .C' maximum The castmgs have the followmg mechanical propemes: Peflection (VShMJg7iv110737) 05 20 mm deflection) 10 t t t ,1 '2 $51? 3122151101 14 days/20C) lll1 Flexuwl strength 1 p/ Deflection (VSM 77.103) 20 mm Example 1V Impact strength (VSM 77.105) 20-50 cmkp/cm Heat distortion point according Analogously to Example l, 100g of the new d1epox w Martens (DIN 53458) WC ide, contaming 2.72 epox1de equivalents/kg, manufac- 15 Water absorption 4 days/C) 0.5-0.7 tured accordmg to Example 4, are mixed with 35.6 g of hexahydrophthalic anhydride and converted, using the Example 1X temPeraturePrOgramme Pdlcaled p my 100 g of the epoxide resin with 3.21 epoxide equivacastmgs havmg the followmg Properties? 1 lents/kg, manufactured according to Example 2, are Flexum] Strength (VSM 77103) 1344 kp/mmz 20 well mixed with 48 g of hexahydrophthalic anhydride {Defle t on s ggd gt 105 j 2 and 1 g of the curing accelerator benzyldimethylamine guimaccording cm at 80 C and poured into an aluminium mould preto M rtens DIN 53.458 0 j 9 "C warmed to 80 C. Curing took place for 4 hours at 80 days/2 C) 044% c and 12 hours at 140 c. The castings have the follow- }gxample v ing mechanical properties:

Analogously to the description in Example I, 100 g of Flexuml mength (VSM-11103) 44 kp/mm= the epoxide resin, contammg 2.97 epoxide equivalDeflection M I 2 1.1 t cm lents/kg, manufactured according to Example 5 are 'zg i gfgg poimaccording m p converted w1th 43.3 g of hexahydrophthalic anhydride w Martens (D 1N 53.458) 50-60 c into mouldings having the following properties: (4 days/20 C) Flexural strength vs 77,103 7,2 kp/mm2 I no meme We claim:

Deflection (VSM 77" 03) 20 mm 3 3323 1. A polyglycidyl compound havmgformula Impact strength (VSM 77.105 =32 0s cmkplcm Example V1 R"-o-o=o 0] 100 g of the epoxide resin with 2.04 epoxide equiva- L 1 q 1 CH lents/kg manufactured according to Example 6 are converted with 35.1 g of hexahydrophthalic anhydride 11 n analogously to Example 1 and cured in 5 hours at 120C and 20 hours at 150C. A flexible moulding having the 40 wherem X hydr9gen or w 1S 2 or R15 hydro' following properties is Obtained: gen or methyl, R and R each is hydrogen or lower alkyl of one to four carbon atoms or wherein R and R together are tetramethylene or pentamethylene; B Elongation at break (VSM 77,101) 102.3% when n is 2 is O-alkylene-O- of two to 12 carbon Water absorption (4 days/20C) 1.85% atoms,

Example V11 "0E 100 g of the epoxide resin with 2.04 epoxide equiva- S S lents/kg, manufactured accordmg to Example 6, are 5 A well mixed with 32 g of hexahydrophthalic anhydride CH3 and 1 g of the curing accelerator benzyldimethylamine O [CHCH CH O H at 80C and the mixture is poured into an aluminium 2 7; 2 T 2- H 7; mould prewarmed to 80C. The epoxide resin mixture CH3 is cured for 4 hours at 80C and 12 hours at 140C. The 0 l or B castings have the followmg mechanical properties. /m

wherein m is an integer corresponding to an average Tensile smngth (VSM 77,101, on kp/mmz molecular weight of 250 to 2,500 for the groups and B Elongation at break (VSM 77.101 125% when n is 3 is CH CH C(CH O-) Water absorption (4 days/20 C) 2.0% 2. A compound as claimed in claim 1 of the formula 113 151; i m 3 O O 1 11 HzC \CH-CH1-N 1 I-GH1CH1-l5o cII1 1-oc cm H1N /NCH1CH-CH2 4 A compound as claimed in claim 1 of the formula 5 wherein m is an integer corresponding to an average molecular weight of 425 for the group.

' Ed'drfi'd H30 cm o hd o -CHgCHg-IL I l-CH2 Cfi CHi i E 5. A compoundas c inedin claim l of the formula use 0147" r 8. A compound as claimed in claim 1 of the formula W on, on; CH

6. A compound as claimed in claim 1 of the formula 9. A compound as claimed in claim 1 of the formula 10. A compound as claimed in claim 1 of the formula wherein n is approximately 4 1. i 

1. A POLYGLYCIDYL COMPOUND HAVING THE FORMULA
 2. A compound as claimed in claim 1 of the formula
 3. A compound as claimed in claim 1 of the formula
 4. A compound as claimed in claim 1 of the formula
 5. A compound as claimed in claim 1 of the formula
 6. A compound as claimed in claim 1 of the formula
 7. A compound as claimed in claim 1 of the formula
 8. A compound as claimed in claim 1 of the formula
 9. A compound as claimed in claim 1 of the formula
 10. A compound as claimed in claim 1 of the formula 